RBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26: Check Rajasthan Board Class 12 Physics Syllabus

1

Electric Charges and Fields

Introduction, Electric Charge, Conductors and Insulators, Basic Properties of Electric Charge — (Additivity of charges, Conservation of charge, Quantisation of charge), Coulomb’s Law, Forces between multiple charges, Electric Field — (Electric field due to a system of charges, Physical significance of electric field), Electric Field Lines, Electric Flux, Electric Dipole — (Field of an electric dipole: (i) On the axis (ii) On the equatorial plane, Physical significance of dipoles), Dipole in a Uniform External Field, Continuous Charge Distribution, Gauss’s Law, Applications of Gauss’s Law — (Field due to an infinitely long uniformly charged wire, Field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, Field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell).

2

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Introduction, Electrostatic Potential, Potential due to a Point Charge, Potential due to an Electric Dipole, Potential due to a System of Charges, Equipotential Surfaces — (Relation between field and potential), Potential Energy of a System of Charges, Potential Energy in an External Field — (Single charge, Two charges, Dipole in an external field), Electrostatics of Conductors — (Zero field inside conductor, Normal field at surface, No excess charge inside conductor, Constant potential throughout), Electric Field at Surface of a Charged Conductor, Electrostatic Shielding, Dielectrics and Polarisation, Capacitors and Capacitance, Parallel Plate Capacitor, Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance, Combination of Capacitors — (Series, Parallel), Energy Stored in a Capacitor (Formula only).

3

Current Electricity

Introduction, Electric Current, Electric Currents in Conductors, Ohm’s Law, Drift of Electrons and Origin of Resistivity (Mobility), Limitations of Ohm’s Law, Resistivity of Various Materials, Temperature Dependence of Resistivity, Electrical Energy and Power, Cells, EMF, Internal Resistance, Cells in Series and Parallel, Kirchhoff’s Rules, Wheatstone Bridge.

4

Moving Charges and Magnetism

Introduction, Magnetic Force — (Sources and Fields, Lorentz Force, Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor), Motion in a Magnetic Field, Magnetic Field due to a Current Element — Biot–Savart Law, Magnetic Field on Axis of Circular Current Loop, Ampere’s Circuital Law, Solenoid, Force between Two Parallel Currents — The Ampere, Torque on a Current Loop — Magnetic Dipole (Rectangular Loop, Circular Loop as Magnetic Dipole), Moving Coil Galvanometer.

5

Magnetism and Matter

Introduction, The Bar Magnet — (Magnetic Field Lines, Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid – qualitative only, Dipole in Uniform Magnetic Field, Electrostatic Analogy), Magnetism and Gauss’s Law, Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity, Magnetic Properties of Materials — (Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism).

6

Electromagnetic Induction

Introduction, Experiments of Faraday and Henry, Magnetic Flux, Faraday’s Law of Induction, Lenz’s Law and Conservation of Energy, Motional Electromotive Force, Inductance — (Mutual and Self-Inductance), AC Generator.

7

Alternating Current

Introduction, AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor, Representation of AC Current and Voltage by Rotating Vectors (Phasors), AC Voltage Applied to an Inductor, AC Voltage Applied to a Capacitor, AC Voltage Applied to a Series LCR Circuit — (Phasor Diagram, Resonance), Power in AC Circuit — Power Factor, Transformer.

8

Electromagnetic Waves

Introduction, Displacement Current, Electromagnetic Waves — (Sources and Nature), Electromagnetic Spectrum — (Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays).

9

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Introduction, Reflection of Light by Spherical Mirrors — (Sign Convention, Focal Length, Mirror Equation), Refraction, Total Internal Reflection — (Prism, Optical Fibres), Refraction at Spherical Surfaces and by Lenses — (Refraction at Spherical Surface, Power of Lens, Combination of Thin Lenses), Refraction through a Prism, Optical Instruments — (Microscope, Telescope).

10

Wave Optics

Introduction, Huygens’ Principle, Refraction and Reflection of Plane Waves using Huygens’ Principle — (Refraction at Rarer Medium, Reflection by Plane Surface), Coherent and Incoherent Addition of Waves, Interference of Light Waves and Young’s Double Slit Experiment (Formulae only), Diffraction (Qualitative Study Only) — (Single Slit and its Pattern), Polarisation.

11

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Introduction, Electron Emission, Photoelectric Effect — (Hertz’s, Hallwach’s, and Lenard’s Observations), Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect — (Effect of Intensity, Potential, and Frequency), Photoelectric Effect and Wave Theory of Light, Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation — Energy Quantum of Radiation, Particle Nature of Light — Photon, Wave Nature of Matter.

12

Atoms

Introduction, Alpha-Particle Scattering and Rutherford’s Nuclear Model — (Trajectory, Electron Orbits), Atomic Spectra, Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom — (Formula for Radius of nth Orbit, Energy Levels), Line Spectra of Hydrogen Atom (Qualitative Only), de Broglie’s Explanation of Bohr’s Second Postulate.

13

Nuclei

Introduction, Atomic Masses and Composition of Nucleus — (Discovery of Neutron), Size of Nucleus, Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy, Nuclear Force, Radioactivity, Nuclear Energy — (Fission, Fusion, Energy Generation in Stars, Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion).

14

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

Introduction, Classification of Metals, Conductors, and Semiconductors — (Based on Conductivity and Energy Bands), Intrinsic Semiconductor, Extrinsic Semiconductor — (n-type, p-type), p-n Junction — (Formation), Semiconductor Diode — (Forward and Reverse Bias), Applications of Diode as Rectifier.